diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/prod-tag-deploy.yml b/.gitea/workflows/prod-tag-deploy.yml
index 4c1e85a..1dab77d 100644
--- a/.gitea/workflows/prod-tag-deploy.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/prod-tag-deploy.yml
@@ -101,15 +101,34 @@ jobs:
           $pass.Trim() | docker login "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}" -u "${{ secrets.REGISTRY_USERNAME }}" --password-stdin
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
 
+      - name: Resolve node:20-alpine (Gitea mirror, then local, then Hub)
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $prefix = "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}/${{ vars.REGISTRY_OWNER }}".Trim()
+          powershell -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\infrastructure\scripts\ci-resolve-node-image.ps1 -RegistryPrefix $prefix
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+
       - name: Build and push backend (tag only, not :latest)
         run: |
           $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
           $dispatchTag = '${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}'.Trim()
           if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($dispatchTag)) { $tag = $dispatchTag } else { $tag = "${{ github.ref_name }}" }
           $prefix = "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}/${{ vars.REGISTRY_OWNER }}".Trim()
-          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag"
-          docker build -t "$prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag" ./backend
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+          $nodeImage = ([System.IO.File]::ReadAllText((Join-Path (Get-Location) '.ci-node-image'))).Trim()
+          if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($nodeImage)) {
+            Write-Host "Missing .ci-node-image"
+            exit 1
+          }
+          if (Test-Path '.ci-use-legacy-builder') { $env:DOCKER_BUILDKIT = '0' }
+          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag (NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage)"
+          $ok = $false
+          for ($i = 1; $i -le 3; $i++) {
+            Write-Host "docker build attempt $i/3"
+            docker build --build-arg "NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage" -t "$prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag" ./backend
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $ok = $true; break }
+            if ($i -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds (20 * $i) }
+          }
+          if (-not $ok) { exit 1 }
           docker push "$prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag"
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
 
@@ -122,19 +141,32 @@ jobs:
           $dispatchTag = '${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}'.Trim()
           if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($dispatchTag)) { $tag = $dispatchTag } else { $tag = "${{ github.ref_name }}" }
           $prefix = "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}/${{ vars.REGISTRY_OWNER }}".Trim()
+          $nodeImage = ([System.IO.File]::ReadAllText((Join-Path (Get-Location) '.ci-node-image'))).Trim()
+          if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($nodeImage)) {
+            Write-Host "Missing .ci-node-image"
+            exit 1
+          }
+          if (Test-Path '.ci-use-legacy-builder') { $env:DOCKER_BUILDKIT = '0' }
           $base = $env:PROD_PUBLIC_BASE_URL.Trim()
           if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($base)) { $base = 'https://nudentic.ir' }
           $base = $base.TrimEnd('/')
-          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag"
-          docker build `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL=$base/api" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_URL=$base" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME=Dyolink" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN=$env:NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT=production" `
-            -t "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag" `
-            ./frontend
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag (NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage)"
+          $ok = $false
+          for ($i = 1; $i -le 3; $i++) {
+            Write-Host "docker build attempt $i/3"
+            docker build `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL=$base/api" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_URL=$base" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME=Dyolink" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN=$env:NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT=production" `
+              --build-arg "NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage" `
+              -t "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag" `
+              ./frontend
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $ok = $true; break }
+            if ($i -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds (20 * $i) }
+          }
+          if (-not $ok) { exit 1 }
           docker push "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag"
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
 
diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/registry-build-deploy.yml b/.gitea/workflows/registry-build-deploy.yml
index 29f12de..d00c527 100644
--- a/.gitea/workflows/registry-build-deploy.yml
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/registry-build-deploy.yml
@@ -84,6 +84,13 @@ jobs:
           $pass.Trim() | docker login "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}" -u "${{ secrets.REGISTRY_USERNAME }}" --password-stdin
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
 
+      - name: Resolve node:20-alpine (Gitea mirror, then local, then Hub)
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $prefix = "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}/${{ vars.REGISTRY_OWNER }}".Trim()
+          powershell -NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File .\infrastructure\scripts\ci-resolve-node-image.ps1 -RegistryPrefix $prefix
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+
       - name: Build and push backend
         run: |
           $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
@@ -93,12 +100,25 @@ jobs:
             Write-Host "Missing github.sha, REGISTRY_HOST, or REGISTRY_OWNER"
             exit 1
           }
-          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag"
-          docker build `
-            -t "$prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag" `
-            -t "$prefix/dyolink-backend:latest" `
-            ./backend
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+          $nodeImage = ([System.IO.File]::ReadAllText((Join-Path (Get-Location) '.ci-node-image'))).Trim()
+          if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($nodeImage)) {
+            Write-Host "Missing .ci-node-image"
+            exit 1
+          }
+          if (Test-Path '.ci-use-legacy-builder') { $env:DOCKER_BUILDKIT = '0' }
+          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag (NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage)"
+          $ok = $false
+          for ($i = 1; $i -le 3; $i++) {
+            Write-Host "docker build attempt $i/3"
+            docker build `
+              --build-arg "NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage" `
+              -t "$prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag" `
+              -t "$prefix/dyolink-backend:latest" `
+              ./backend
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $ok = $true; break }
+            if ($i -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds (20 * $i) }
+          }
+          if (-not $ok) { exit 1 }
           docker push "$prefix/dyolink-backend:$tag"
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
           docker push "$prefix/dyolink-backend:latest"
@@ -113,17 +133,30 @@ jobs:
           $tag = "${{ github.sha }}".Substring(0, 7)
           $prefix = "${{ vars.REGISTRY_HOST }}/${{ vars.REGISTRY_OWNER }}".Trim()
           $base = $env:PUBLIC_BASE_URL
-          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag"
-          docker build `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL=$base/api" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_URL=$base" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME=Dyolink" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN=$env:NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN" `
-            --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT=staging" `
-            -t "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag" `
-            -t "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:latest" `
-            ./frontend
-          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+          $nodeImage = ([System.IO.File]::ReadAllText((Join-Path (Get-Location) '.ci-node-image'))).Trim()
+          if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($nodeImage)) {
+            Write-Host "Missing .ci-node-image"
+            exit 1
+          }
+          if (Test-Path '.ci-use-legacy-builder') { $env:DOCKER_BUILDKIT = '0' }
+          Write-Host "Building $prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag (NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage)"
+          $ok = $false
+          for ($i = 1; $i -le 3; $i++) {
+            Write-Host "docker build attempt $i/3"
+            docker build `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_API_URL=$base/api" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_URL=$base" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_APP_NAME=Dyolink" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN=$env:NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_DSN" `
+              --build-arg "NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT=staging" `
+              --build-arg "NODE_IMAGE=$nodeImage" `
+              -t "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag" `
+              -t "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:latest" `
+              ./frontend
+            if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { $ok = $true; break }
+            if ($i -lt 3) { Start-Sleep -Seconds (20 * $i) }
+          }
+          if (-not $ok) { exit 1 }
           docker push "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:$tag"
           if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
           docker push "$prefix/dyolink-frontend:latest"
diff --git a/backend/Dockerfile b/backend/Dockerfile
index f381da1..1ab9c07 100644
--- a/backend/Dockerfile
+++ b/backend/Dockerfile
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+# CI can pass a Gitea-hosted mirror when Docker Hub TLS fails (see ci-resolve-node-image.ps1).
+ARG NODE_IMAGE=node:20-alpine
+
 # ============================================
 # STAGE 1: BUILDER STAGE
 # ============================================
-FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
+FROM ${NODE_IMAGE} AS builder
 
 WORKDIR /app
 
@@ -30,7 +33,7 @@ RUN npm prune --omit=dev
 # ============================================
 # STAGE 2: PRODUCTION STAGE
 # ============================================
-FROM node:20-alpine
+FROM ${NODE_IMAGE}
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache dumb-init
 
diff --git a/frontend/Dockerfile b/frontend/Dockerfile
index bb5ddab..f5b50e0 100644
--- a/frontend/Dockerfile
+++ b/frontend/Dockerfile
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
+# CI can pass a Gitea-hosted mirror when Docker Hub TLS fails (see ci-resolve-node-image.ps1).
+ARG NODE_IMAGE=node:20-alpine
+
 # Build stage — produces `.next/standalone` (see next.config.ts output: standalone)
-FROM node:20-alpine AS builder
+FROM ${NODE_IMAGE} AS builder
 
 WORKDIR /app
 
@@ -32,7 +35,7 @@ ENV NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT=${NEXT_PUBLIC_SENTRY_ENVIRONMENT}
 RUN npm run build
 
 # Production — minimal runtime using Next.js standalone bundle
-FROM node:20-alpine AS runner
+FROM ${NODE_IMAGE} AS runner
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache dumb-init
 
diff --git a/infrastructure/STAGING-DEPLOY.md b/infrastructure/STAGING-DEPLOY.md
index c20eb8a..cd378d9 100644
--- a/infrastructure/STAGING-DEPLOY.md
+++ b/infrastructure/STAGING-DEPLOY.md
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ On the Windows host, from repo `infrastructure/`:
 | Runner can't register on public IP | Use `http://127.0.0.1:3000` for `--instance` |
 | Variable name rejected in Gitea | No `GITEA_*` / `GITHUB_*` prefixes; use `CLONE_HOST` |
 | `413 Request Entity Too Large` on `docker push` to `https://gitea.wixur.ir/v2/…/blobs/uploads` | Nginx (or Cloudflare) in front of Gitea is rejecting the image layer. **Fix the proxy** (then `nginx -s reload`): in the `server { server_name gitea.wixur.ir; }` block set `client_max_body_size 0;` and `proxy_request_buffering off;` — snippet: [`nginx/windows-gitea.wixur.snippet.conf`](nginx/windows-gitea.wixur.snippet.conf). **Or skip the proxy:** set `REGISTRY_HOST=host.docker.internal:3000` (and Gitea `ROOT_URL`) so CI pushes to `:3000`. If the hostname is orange-clouded on Cloudflare, grey-cloud it (free plan caps uploads at 100MB). |
-| `…-backend:<sha>: not found` / `…-frontend:<sha>: not found` on compose pull | Images were never pushed. `build-and-push` can look green in ~40s because Windows PowerShell ignores `docker` exit codes — check that job’s **Build and push** logs for a real `docker build`/`docker push` failure (often 413 via `gitea.wixur.ir`). Confirm the SHA tag exists under Gitea **Packages**. Prefer `REGISTRY_HOST=host.docker.internal:3000`. Re-run the workflow after the push actually succeeds. |
+| `TLS handshake timeout` to `registry-1.docker.io` / `node:20-alpine` | Docker Hub unreachable from the Windows runner. CI mirrors `node:20-alpine` into Gitea (`<REGISTRY_PREFIX>/node:20-alpine`) and builds from that. If Hub is down **and** the image is not on the machine: on the runner run `docker pull node:20-alpine` when Hub works, then re-run the workflow. Optional Docker Engine `registry-mirrors`. |
 | `docker login` connection refused on `127.0.0.1:3000` | **Docker Desktop on Windows:** set `REGISTRY_HOST=host.docker.internal:3000`, add it to insecure-registries, set Gitea `ROOT_URL=http://host.docker.internal:3000/`. Keep `CLONE_HOST=127.0.0.1:3000` for git. |
 | `docker login` / push denied, redirect to public IP | Set Gitea `ROOT_URL` to a host Docker can reach (`host.docker.internal:3000` on Windows Docker Desktop). |
 | `server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client` | Add registry host to Docker **insecure-registries**, restart Docker |
@@ -331,6 +331,7 @@ docker logs dyolink_frontend_staging --tail 50
 | Path | Role |
 |------|------|
 | `.gitea/workflows/registry-build-deploy.yml` | CI: build, push, deploy |
+| `infrastructure/scripts/ci-resolve-node-image.ps1` | CI: cache `node:20-alpine` on Gitea so builds do not depend on Docker Hub |
 | `infrastructure/docker-compose.registry.yml` | Staging stack (pull-only images) |
 | `infrastructure/deploy.registry.env.example` | Manual deploy env template |
 | `infrastructure/database.staging.env.example` | Postgres secrets template |
diff --git a/infrastructure/scripts/ci-resolve-node-image.ps1 b/infrastructure/scripts/ci-resolve-node-image.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80d9aa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/infrastructure/scripts/ci-resolve-node-image.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# Prefer a Gitea-hosted node:20-alpine so docker build does not HEAD registry-1.docker.io.
+# Order: local Gitea tag → pull Gitea → local Docker Hub tag → pull Hub (retries) → tag/push Gitea.
+param(
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$RegistryPrefix,
+  [string]$OutFile = '.ci-node-image',
+  [string]$HubImage = 'node:20-alpine'
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Continue'
+$mirror = "$RegistryPrefix/node:20-alpine"
+
+function Test-Image([string]$Name) {
+  docker image inspect $Name 2>&1 | Out-Null
+  return ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)
+}
+
+function Invoke-Pull([string]$Name, [int]$Attempts) {
+  for ($i = 1; $i -le $Attempts; $i++) {
+    Write-Host "docker pull $Name (attempt $i/$Attempts)"
+    docker pull $Name
+    if ($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0) { return $true }
+    if ($i -lt $Attempts) { Start-Sleep -Seconds (10 * $i) }
+  }
+  return $false
+}
+
+function Save-Choice([string]$Name) {
+  $utf8 = New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding $false
+  [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText((Join-Path (Get-Location) $OutFile), $Name + "`n", $utf8)
+  Write-Host "NODE_IMAGE=$Name"
+}
+
+if (Test-Image $mirror) {
+  Write-Host "Using local $mirror"
+  Save-Choice $mirror
+  exit 0
+}
+
+if (Invoke-Pull $mirror 2) {
+  Save-Choice $mirror
+  exit 0
+}
+
+if (-not (Test-Image $HubImage)) {
+  if (-not (Invoke-Pull $HubImage 5)) {
+    Write-Host "Cannot pull $HubImage from Docker Hub (TLS timeout or blocked)."
+    Write-Host "On the Windows runner, when Hub is reachable:"
+    Write-Host "  docker pull $HubImage"
+    Write-Host "  docker tag $HubImage $mirror"
+    Write-Host "  docker push $mirror"
+    Write-Host "Then re-run this workflow."
+    exit 1
+  }
+}
+
+Write-Host "Tagging $HubImage as $mirror"
+docker tag $HubImage $mirror
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { exit $LASTEXITCODE }
+
+docker push $mirror
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+  Write-Host "Could not push $mirror — docker build will use the local tag (legacy builder)."
+  $utf8 = New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding $false
+  [System.IO.File]::WriteAllText((Join-Path (Get-Location) '.ci-use-legacy-builder'), "1`n", $utf8)
+}
+
+Save-Choice $mirror
+exit 0